| Ref. principal | Meyer, M. and M.J. Smale, 1991 |
|---|---|
| Notas | The largest species of the family (Ref. 5319). Primarily an offshore species that prefers rocky or muddy banks. Feeds during the day on small, bottom-dwelling invertebrates. Occasionally also on squid and small fish. Also caught by artisanal and game fisheries (Ref. 9492). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrato | : mud;: rocky; |
|---|---|
| Substrato Ref. | |
| Habitats especiais | |
| Habitats especiais Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associações | |
| Associada com | |
| Comentários sobre associação | |
| Parasitismo |
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Tipo de alimentação Ref. | Meyer, M. and M.J. Smale, 1991 |
| Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Hábito de alimentação Ref. | Meyer, M. and M.J. Smale, 1991 |
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | 3.25 | 0.33 | 3.27 | 0.52 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 4.10 | 0.53 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Meyer, M. and M.J. Smale, 1991 | ||||