| 主要参考文献 | Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990 |
|---|---|
| 附注 | Feeds on algae, benthic mollusks and crustaceans. Inhabits sandy or muddy substrates and seagrass beds (Ref. 127989). Gregarious. Inhabits the upper portion of the continental shelf from the coastline to 100 m depth, but especially from 30 to 50 m (Also Ref. 127989). Occurs on various types of bottom. Sometimes forms sizeable aggregations. |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| 基质 | Soft Bottom: sand; mud;: rocky; |
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| 基底 参考文献 | Hureau, J.-C. and T. Monod (eds.), 1979 |
| 特殊生境 | Beds: sea grass; |
| 特殊生境 编号 | Golani, D., E. Azurro, J. Dulčić, E. Massutí and L. Orsi-Relini, 2021 |
| 参考文献 | |
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| 协会 | |
| 相关联 | |
| 协会备注 | |
| 寄生虫 |
| 摄取食物的类型 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| 供料类型 参考号 | Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1986 |
| 摄取食物的习惯 | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| 喂食习惯 参考文献 | Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1986 |
| Estimation method | 最初的样本 | 不捕获族群 | 附注 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| 从食物内容 | |||||
| 从个别的食物项目 | 3.55 | 0.50 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| 参考文献 | |||||