| Κύρια αναφορά. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
|---|---|
| Σχόλια | Occurs in coral reefs, over shallow water. A solitary species (Ref. 26340) occurring in shallow, inshore areas. Found on rock, coral, or mud bottoms (Ref. 5217). Juveniles found in mangrove areas and brackish estuaries (Ref. 5217). Large adults may be found in estuaries (Ref. 5217). Adults appear to occupy limited home ranges with little inter-reef movement. Feeds primarily on crustaceans, particularly spiny lobsters as well as turtles and fishes, including stingrays. Territorial near its refuge cave or wreck where it may show a threat display with open mouth and quivering body. Larger individuals have been known to stalk and attempt to eat divers. Over-fished, primarily by spear fishing (Ref. 9710). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Υπόστρωμα | Soft Bottom: mud;: rocky; |
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| Υπόστρωμα Ref. | Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez, 1992 |
| Ειδικά ενδιαιτήματα | Coral Reefs; |
| Ειδικά ενδιαιτήματα Ref. |
| Αναφ. | |
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| Ενώσεις | |
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| Παρατηρήσεις του Συλλόγου | |
| Παρασιτισμός |
| Τροφικός Τύπος | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Τύπος τροφοδοσίας Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
| Τροφική Συνήθεια | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Συνήθεια διατροφής Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
| Estimation method | Αρχικό δείγμα | Μη αλιευμένος πληθυσμός | Σχόλιο | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Από σύσταση δίαιτας | 4.09 | 3.97 | 0.44 | Troph of adults from 1 study. | |
| Από ατομικά τροφικά αντικείμενα | 4.03 | 0.57 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Αναφ. | Randall, J.E., 1967 | ||||