| 主要参考文献 | Allen, G.R., 1985 |
|---|---|
| 附注 | Adults found mainly around ledges over rocky bottoms or around reefs. Young sometimes inhabit mangrove areas. Feeds mainly on fishes, shrimps and crabs (Ref. 55). A wary fish, not easily approached underwater (Ref. 13442). Carnivore (Ref. 42771, 57616). Macro-carnivore (Ref. 126840). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
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| 基质 | Hard Bottom: rocky; |
|---|---|
| 基底 参考文献 | |
| 特殊生境 | Coral Reefs; Other habitats: deep-water corals; |
| 特殊生境 编号 | Simon, T., H.T. Pinheiro, R.L. Moura, A. Carvalho-Filho, L.A. Rocha, A.S. Martins, E. Mazzei, R.B. Francini-Filho, G.M. Amado-Filho and J.-C. Joyeux, 2016 |
| 参考文献 | |
|---|---|
| 协会 | |
| 相关联 | |
| 协会备注 | |
| 寄生虫 |
| 摄取食物的类型 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| 供料类型 参考号 | Allen, G.R., 1985 |
| 摄取食物的习惯 | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| 喂食习惯 参考文献 | Allen, G.R., 1985 |
| Estimation method | 最初的样本 | 不捕获族群 | 附注 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| 从食物内容 | 4.36 | 0.51 | 4.11 | 0.66 | Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies. |
| 从个别的食物项目 | 3.99 | 0.70 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| 参考文献 | Sierra, L.M., R. Claro and O.A. Popova, 1994 | ||||