| Rif. principale. | Trewavas, E., 1983 |
|---|---|
| Osservazioni | Occurs in both river and swamp habitats (Refs. 2, 6465). Hardy, tolerating fresh and brackish water (up to 20 ppt, Ref. 3), preferring slow-flowing or standing water (Refs. 7248, 12524, 13337, 52193) with some weed cover (Refs. 12524, 13337). Adults occupy deep open waters (Refs. 7248, 12524, 13337, 52193), juveniles remain inshore among vegetation (Refs. 7248, 52193). Hippo pools are a favoured retreat (Refs. 12524, 13337). Forms schools (Refs. 2, 12524, 13337). Mainly diurnal; a detritivore which feeds on fine particulate matter (Ref. 2), including algae (Refs. 246, 12524, 13337, 53992), diatoms, detritus (Ref. 7248, 52193, 53992) and zooplankton (Refs. 7248, 52193). Larger individuals also take insects and other invertebrates (Ref. 53992). Feeding regime is variable, the diet changes according to food availability (Ref. 6465). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrato | |
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| Substrato Rif. | |
| Habitat speciali | |
| Habitat speciali Rif. |
| Fonte Biblio. | |
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| Associazioni | |
| Associato a | |
| Osservazioni dell'associazione | |
| Parassitismo |
| Tipo di alimentazione | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
|---|---|
| Tipo di alimentazione Rif. | Trewavas, E., 1983 |
| Abitudini alimentari | sucking food-containing material |
| Abitudini alimentari Rif. | Trewavas, E., 1983 |
| Estimation method | Campione originale | Popolazione non pescata | Commento | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Dalla composizione della dieta | 2.05 | 0.04 | Troph of adults from 4 studies. | ||
| Da singoli alimenti | 2.39 | 0.19 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Fonte Biblio. | Kelley, D.W., 1968 | ||||