| Main Ref. | Daniels, R.A., 1982 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Benthic feeder (Ref. 45168). Fish sampled in shallow water (<90 m depth) feed mostly on bivalves and amphipods, while those from deeper waters (>90 m depth) preferred infaunal-epifaunal polychaetes (Ref. 52366). Intraspecific competition for food in this species is reduced, either through habitat heterogeneity or different foraging strategies(Ref. 52366). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| Substrate | |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Daniels, R.A., 1982 |
| Feeding habit | variable |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Daniels, R.A., 1982 |
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | 3.39 | 0.10 | 3.19 | 0.30 | Troph of juv./adults from 3 studies. |
| From individual food items | 3.42 | 0.50 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Daniels, R.A., 1982 | ||||