Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut; payau dasar (demersal); kisaran kedalaman 0 - 60 m (Ref. 3702), usually ? - 25 m (Ref. 9626). Subtropical; 11°N - 40°S
Western Atlantic: Venezuela to northern Argentina.
Panjang pada saat jatuh tempo pertama / Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm 23.7, range 18 - 46 cm
Max length : 53.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 54990); common length : 35.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3702); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 109.60 g (Ref. 118626)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 11; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 29; Duri dubur: 2; Sirip dubur lunak: 8 - 9.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Found over mud or sandy mud bottoms in coastal waters to about 60 m depth. Juveniles abundant in estuaries and tidal mud flats. Feeds on shrimps and fishes (Ref. 9626). Important food fish.
Chao, L.N., 1978. Sciaenidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). Volume 4. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3702)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Suhu yang disukai (Acuan
123201): 13.4 - 27.8, mean 20.7 °C (based on 238 cells).
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00713 - 0.00845), b=3.06 (3.04 - 3.08), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan
69278): 3.9 ±0.65 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (K=0.44; tm=3; tmax=7).
Prior r = 0.72, 95% CL = 0.47 - 1.07, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
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Kerentanan Iklim (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
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Nutrisi (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 80 [44, 160] mg/100g; Iron = 1.06 [0.56, 1.87] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [17.8, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.375 [0.187, 0.777] g/100g; Selenium = 21.7 [11.4, 43.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.9 [7.2, 70.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.774 [0.547, 1.132] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.