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Holocentriformes (Squirrelfishes, soldierfishes) >
Holocentridae (Squirrelfishes, soldierfishes) > Holocentrinae
Etymology: Holocentrus: Greek, holos = full + Greek, kentron = sting (Ref. 45335).
Ambiente: milieu / zona climática / intervalo de profundidade / gama de distribuição
Ecologia
marinhas associadas(os) a recifes; intervalo de profundidade 0 - 180 m (Ref. 26938), usually 8 - 30 m (Ref. 3156). Subtropical; 37°N - 25°S, 97°W - 13°E
Western Central Atlantic: North Carolina, USA and Bermuda to Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico and throughout the West Indies and Caribbean shores (Ref. 3724). Eastern Central Atlantic: Sao Tome Island and Gabon to Angola (Ref. 51178) and St. Paul's Rocks, St. Helena and Ascension Island (Ref. 6537).
Comprimento na primeira maturidade / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturidade: Lm 14.6 range ? - 16.64 cm
Max length : 61.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 3634); common length : 25.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 5217)
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 11; Raios dorsais moles (total) : 15 - 16; Espinhos anais: 4; Raios anais moles: 9 - 10. Tip of membranes of spinous dorsal fin reddish or translucent, not whitish; posterior margin of upper jaw reaching posterior margin of pupil (Ref. 13608). Spiny and soft parts of dorsal fin nearly separate, but connected by low membrane (Ref. 26938). Dull red or pinkish, sometimes blotched (Ref. 7251).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Occurs in shallow coral reefs, as well as deeper offshore waters (Ref. 3724). A nocturnal species, hiding in deep crevices or under coral ledges during the day; at night it usually moves over sand and grass beds, taking mainly crabs and other small crustaceans (Ref. 3634). Capable of producing sounds (Ref. 6537). Spawning documented as far north as North Carolina in May (Ref. 27549). Marketed fresh (Ref. 3724).
Ciclo de vida e comportamento de acasalamento
Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Ameaça para o homem
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)
Utilização humana
Pescarias: pouco comercial; Aquário: Aquários públicos
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Descarregue XML
Fontes da internet
Estimativas baseadas em modelos
Temperatura preferida (Ref.
123201): 23.4 - 28, mean 26.1 °C (based on 472 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01585 (0.01279 - 0.01964), b=2.95 (2.89 - 3.01), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Médio, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Vulnerabilidade da pesca (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
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Nutrientes (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 21.1 [9.3, 54.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.544 [0.219, 1.093] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [18.0, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.231 [0.095, 0.539] g/100g; Selenium = 23.2 [12.7, 44.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 30.6 [10.8, 90.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.719 [0.446, 1.132] mg/100g (wet weight);
