分类 / 名称
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Labridae (Wrasses)
隆頭魚科 (Wrasses) > Scarinae
Etymology: Nicholsina: After J.T. Nichols, 1920-1941, curator in ichthyology, department of Fishes, American Museum of Nat. History; he has wrote articles in the Encyclopaedia Britannica.
Eponymy: John Treadwell Nichols (1883–1958) was an American ichthyologist, mammalogist and ornithologist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Valenciennes.
Taxonomic Remarks
Issue on validity of subspecies: subspecies considered as valid in FB, elevated to species rank as Nicholsina usta (Valenciennes, 1840) in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. Mar. 2011: Ref. 86697). Please send references, or more studies are needed.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 1 - 80 m (Ref. 7360). 熱帶; 41°N - 30°S, 98°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: New Jersey, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil. Absent in Bermuda, Bahamas and West Indies (except Greater Antilles).
西大西洋: 美國的紐澤西與墨西哥灣北部到巴西。 不存在於百慕達群島，巴哈馬與西印度群島。 (除了大安地列斯群島以外) 科利尼氏鸚嘴魚〔Nicholsina usta collettei〕 亞種辨認出從大西洋東部了。 (參考文獻 11064)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 7251); common length : 18.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3802)
背棘 (总数) : 9; 背的软条 (总数) : 10; 臀棘: 2; 臀鳍软条: 9. Body somewhat elongate, the depth contained 3 to 3.2 times in SL. Snout somewhat pointed; a small dermal cirrus at edge of anterior nostril; teeth fused only basally, thus not fully coalesced to form dental plates. Gill rakers 12 or 13. Caudal fin slightly rounded; pectoral fin-rays 13. Median predorsal scales 4 or 5; 1 row of scales on cheek. Colour: mottled olive green on back, the scales of sides with bluish white centres and reddish edges; head below level of mouth yellow; 2 diagonal narrow red-orange bands on cheek; median fins reddish, dorsal fin with a black blotch at front.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Maximum depth from Ref. 52834. Inhabits seagrass beds and open bottom, mostly in shallow water. Larger adults live in deeper water. Not commonly marketed for food (Ref. 52834).
栖息于海草床与开放的底部, 大部份在浅水区中。 较大的成鱼生活于较深的水域。
生命周期和交配行为
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).西大西洋: 美國的紐澤西與墨西哥灣北部到巴西。 不存在於百慕達群島，巴哈馬與西印度群島。 (除了大安地列斯群島以外) 科利尼氏鸚嘴魚〔Nicholsina usta collettei〕 亞種辨認出從大西洋東部了。 (參考文獻 11064)
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
基于模型的估算
首选温度 (参考文献
123201): 22.8 - 28, mean 25.7 °C (based on 400 cells).
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00620 - 0.02676), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 2.0 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
渔业脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
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营养素 (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 58.2 [34.4, 108.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.767 [0.420, 1.278] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.5, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.118 [0.071, 0.190] g/100g; Selenium = 39.3 [22.3, 70.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 50.4 [15.4, 165.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.75 [1.20, 2.74] mg/100g (wet weight);
