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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Bairdiella: From Spencer Fullerton Baird (1823-1887) American naturalist and vertebrate zoologist leading authority in birds and mammals (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut; payau dasar (demersal); kisaran kedalaman 16 - 40 m (Ref. 3702). Tropical; 23°N - 29°S, 97°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: Caribbean Sea southward to Brazil.
Panjang pada saat jatuh tempo pertama / Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm 15.8 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 41.5 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 131022); common length : 25.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3702); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 714.00 g (Ref. 131022)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 11; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 21 - 26; Duri dubur: 2; Sirip dubur lunak: 7 - 9. Colour greyish above, silvery below. Faint dark streaks on sides, oblique above, longitudinal below lateral line. Dorsal and caudal fins greyish with dark margin, anterior part of anal fin speckled. Mouth subterminal and oblique. Chin without barbel but with 5 pores. Preopercle serrated with few strong pines at angle. Second anal-fin spine very strong, as long as first soft ray. Gas bladder with 2 chambers, the anterior one yoke-shaped without appendages, the posterior one simple, carrot-shaped. Lapillus (small earstone) enlarged, more than half of sagitta (large earstone) (Ref 51721).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Found in coastal waters, over muddy and sandy bottoms. Feeds on fishes and crustaceans. Oviparous (Ref. 205). Important food fish.
Chao, L.N., 1978. Sciaenidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). Volume 4. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3702)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Suhu yang disukai (Acuan
123201): 24.4 - 28, mean 27.4 °C (based on 72 cells).
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00761 - 0.01145), b=3.08 (3.02 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan
69278): 3.5 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (Fec = 188,964).
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
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Nutrisi (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 168 [99, 321] mg/100g; Iron = 1.12 [0.60, 1.93] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [18.0, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.235 [0.126, 0.390] g/100g; Selenium = 46.5 [25.7, 87.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 19.5 [7.8, 52.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.39 [1.02, 1.97] mg/100g (wet weight);
