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Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes) >
Acanthuridae (Surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes) > Acanthurinae
Etymology: Acanthurus: Greek, akantha = thorn + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
البيئة: الوسط / المنطقة المناخية / نطاق العمق / نطاق التوزيع
البيئة
بحري مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 5 - 100 m (Ref. 28016), usually 5 - 45 m (Ref. 27115). Tropical; 23°C - 28°C (Ref. 27115); 35°N - 35°S, 30°E - 137°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea south to Natal, South Africa and east to the Marquesas and Tuamoto islands, north to southern Japan, south to the southern Great Barrier Reef and New Caledonia.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
النضج: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 3145); العمر: 23 سنين (Ref. 52229)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 9; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 24 - 26; شوكة شرجية: 3; أشعه شرجية لينه: 23 - 24. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body moderately deep and compressed, its depth 2.1-2.5 times in standard length or SL (smaller individuals are deeper-bodied); snout relatively short, 6-6.9 times in SL; eye 3.2-4.5 times in head length (at 12-28 cm SL); mouth small; teeth spatulate, close-set, with denticulate edges, and small for the genus; total gill rakers on first gill arch 13-15; continuous, unnotched dorsal fin IX,24-26; A III,23-24; caudal fin emarginate to lunate, concavity 6.5-9 times in SL (concavity is greater in larger individuals); caudal peduncle narrow, the least depth 10-12 times in SL with a lancet-like spine on each side which folds into a deep horizontal groove; stomach large, U-shaped, thin-walled with large, thorn-like papillae on inner surface; colour brown with longitudinal blue lines on head and body; a yellow area behind eye and 2 yellow bands extending anteriorly from eye; when alive, this fish is capable of changing its ground colour from dark brown to pale blue (Ref. 9808).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: compressed.
Adults inhabit steep slopes, often in turbid waters, generally in the vicinity of coral reefs (Ref. 58652) or rocky bottoms. They form resident spawning aggregations (Ref. 27825, 48637). Adults often seen in schools, feeding mid-water on plankton (Ref. 48637). Feed on zooplankton. Marketed fresh. Flesh is almost never poisonous (Ref. 4795), but incidence of ciguatera poisoning was reported from Nauru I. (Ref. 125620). The retractile sharp blades of the caudal peduncle can be dangerous (https://www.monaconatureencyclopedia.com/acanthurus-mata-2/?lang=en, ver. 12/2021)
دورة الحياة وسلوك التزاوج
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | اليرقات
Form resident spawning aggregations (Ref. 27825).
Randall, J.E., 1987. Three nomenclatorial changes in Indo-Pacific surgeonfishes (Acanthurinae). Pac. Sci. 41(1-4):54-61. (Ref. 1921)
حالة القائمة الحمراء للاتحاد الدولي لحفظ الطبيعة والموارد الطبيعية (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
خطر للأنسان
Traumatogenic (Ref. 4716)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري; حوض مائي: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
تنزيل XML
مصادر علي الأنترنت
تقديرات تستند إلى النماذج
درجة الحرارة المفضلة (مرجع
123201): 24.7 - 29, mean 27.9 °C (based on 1918 cells).
مؤشر التنوع الشُعبي الوراثي (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02570 (0.01733 - 0.03813), b=2.92 (2.80 - 3.04), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (مرجع
69278): 2.5 ±0.25 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 5.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
المرونه (مرجع
120179): منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (K=0.219; tmax=23).
ضعف الصيد (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
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المغذيات (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 38.8 [15.8, 103.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.604 [0.236, 1.442] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [17.1, 19.5] %; Omega3 = 0.107 [0.050, 0.221] g/100g; Selenium = 22.2 [8.0, 61.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 40.8 [10.3, 147.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.28 [0.72, 4.04] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
