分類 / 名稱
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) >
Myliobatiformes (Stingrays)
鰩目 (Stingrays) >
Dasyatidae (Stingrays)
土魟科 (Stingrays) > Urogymninae
Etymology: Himantura: Greek, iman, imantos = thong, strap + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.
環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
海洋 居於水底的. 熱帶; 30°N - 24°S
Indo-West Pacific: Bay of Bengal to New Guinea, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Australia. Not occurring in the western Indian Ocean.
印度-西太平洋: 孟加拉灣到新幾內亞, 北至琉球群島, 南至澳洲北部。 不出現在西印度洋。
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm 87.5, range 85 - 90 cm
Max length : 410 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9840)
Demersal on soft substrate inshore (Ref.58048). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Size at birth about 20 cm WD and 92 cm TL (Ref. 90102). Caught occasionally in the demersal tangle net, bottom trawl and longline fisheries. Utilized for its meat, skin (high value) and cartilage (Ref.58048).
發現於岸邊了。 卵胎生的.(參考文獻 50449)
生命週期和交配行為
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).印度-西太平洋: 孟加拉灣到新幾內亞, 北至琉球群島, 南至澳洲北部。 不出現在西印度洋。
Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994. Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
瀕危 (EN) (A2d); Date assessed: 06 May 2020
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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基於模型的估計
首選溫度 (參考文獻
123201): 25 - 29, mean 28.3 °C (based on 810 cells).
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.5002 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00482 - 0.02174), b=3.06 (2.86 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
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