Ambiente: milieu / zona climática / intervalo de profundidade / gama de distribuição
Ecologia
marinhas demersal; oceanódromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 5 - 409 m (Ref. 56504). Subtropical; 62°N - 14°N, 19°W - 42°E
Eastern Atlantic: Western Norway, English Channel (rare in North Sea) to Dakar, Senegal and the Canary Islands, including the Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
Comprimento na primeira maturidade / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturidade: Lm 16.1, range 15 - 26 cm
Max length : 40.0 cm SL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 3397); common length : 25.0 cm SL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 4845); peso máx. Publicado: 1.0 kg (Ref. 35388); Idade máx. registada: 11 anos (Ref. 92286)
Head is less steep. Barbels longer than pectoral fin. Body with longitudinal red and brown stripes. First dorsal fin with dark markings (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Adults occur on broken and rough grounds but also found over sand and soft bottoms at depths less than 100 m. Depth range from 5-60 m (Ref. 07313) and from 305-409 m in the eastern Ionian Sea (Ref. 56504). Feed on benthic organisms such as shrimps and amphipods, polychaetes, mollusks, and benthic fishes. Spawning occurs from May to July, eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 4845). Marketed fresh and frozen for steaming, pan-frying, broiling and baking (Ref. 9988).
A determinate spawner (Ref. 41706).
Ben-Tuvia, A., 1990. Mullidae. p. 827-829. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7313)
Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Ameaça para o homem
Harmless
Utilização humana
Pescarias: espécies comerciais; peixe desportivo: sim
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Descarregue XML
Fontes da internet
Estimativas baseadas em modelos
Temperatura preferida (Ref.
123201): 7 - 16.1, mean 10.2 °C (based on 549 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00838 - 0.00993), b=3.11 (3.08 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.8 (2.2 - 4.2) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 25
growth studies.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (K=0.1-0.7; tm=2; tmax=11).
Prior r = 0.87, 95% CL = 0.58 - 1.31, Based on 9 full stock assessments.
Vulnerabilidade da pesca (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
🛈
Vulnerabilidade climática (Ref.
125649): Low vulnerability (19 of 100).
🛈
Nutrientes (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 70.8 [39.2, 146.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.438 [0.173, 1.644] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [18.2, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.824 [0.529, 1.298] g/100g; Selenium = 23.7 [10.9, 50.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.1 [5.3, 54.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.228 [0.152, 0.506] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
