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Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Thunnus: Greek, thynnos = tunna (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Sir Frederick McCoy (1817–1899) was an Irish paleontologist and naturalist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Castelnau.
Περιβάλλον: περιβάλλον / κλιματική ζώνη / εύρος βάθους / εύρος διανομής
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) pelagic-oceanic; ωκεανόδρομο(ς) (Ref. 71039); εύρος βάθους 0 - 2743 m (Ref. 57178). Temperate; 5°C - 20°C (Ref. 168); 10°S - 60°S, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 54921)
Atlantic, Indian and Pacific: temperate and cold seas, mainly between 30°S and 50°S, to nearly 60°S. During spawning, large fish migrate to tropical seas, off the west coast of Australia, up to 10°S. Highly migratory species. If the current exploitation continues, the population will be below 500 mature individuals in 100 years (Ref. 27905).
Μήκος κατά την πρώτη ωρίμανση / Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Ηλικία
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση: Lm 122.0, range 120 - 130 cm
Max length : 245 cm FL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 5203); common length : 160 cm FL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 9684); μεγ. δημοσιευμένο βάρος: 260.0 kg (Ref. 5203); μεγ. αναφερόμενη ηλικία: 20 έτη (Ref. 168)
Σπόνδυλοι: 39. A very large species, deepest near the middle of the first dorsal fin base. Swim bladder present. Lower sides and belly silvery white with colorless transverse lines alternating with rows of colorless dots. The first dorsal fin is yellow or bluish; the anal fin and finlets are dusky yellow edged with black; the median caudal keel is yellow in adults.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
By maturity, most southern bluefin tuna lead an oceanic, pelagic existence (Ref. 6390). Spawning fish and larvae are encountered in waters with surface temperatures between 20° and 30°C. An opportunistic feeder, preying on a wide variety of fishes, crustaceans, cephalopods, salps, and other marine animals. Mostly canned (Ref. 9684). A specialized fishery for sashimi-quality has been developed recently by New Zealand fishers. In Japan, it is highly prized for the sashimi markets.
It is not known whether all mature fish spawn each year, every few years, or even only once in their lifetime (Ref. 30320).
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
Κατάσταση Κόκκινου Καταλόγου IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Απειλή για τον άνθρωπο
Harmless
Ανθρώπινες χρήσεις
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά); Υδατοκαλλιέργειες: Εμπορικό(ά); αλιεία αναψυχής: ναί
Εργαλεία
Ειδικές εκθέσεις
Λήψη XML
Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Εκτιμήσεις βάσει μοντέλων
Προτιμώμενη θερμοκρασία (Αναφ.
123201): 2.5 - 7.9, mean 5 °C (based on 439 cells).
Δείκτης φυλογενετικής ποικιλότητας (Αναφ.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.01070 - 0.01552), b=3.03 (3.00 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Αναφ.
69278): 3.9 ±0.53 se; based on food items.
Ελαστικότητα (Αναφ.
120179): Χαμηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 4,5 - 14 έτη (K=0.14-0.15; tm=8-9; tmax=20; Fec=14 million).
Prior r = 0.27, 95% CL = 0.18 - 0.41, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Ευπάθεια στην αλιεία (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100).
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Ευπάθεια στο κλίμα (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
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Θρεπτικά συστατικά (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 9.89 [5.80, 19.12] mg/100g; Iron = 0.922 [0.355, 2.441] mg/100g; Protein = 23.2 [21.7, 24.6] %; Omega3 = 0.74 [0.44, 1.24] g/100g; Selenium = 31.2 [8.4, 97.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 22 [3, 199] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.245 [0.131, 0.490] mg/100g (wet weight);
