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Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Clupeidae (Herrings, shads, sardines, menhadens)
Etymology: Sprattus: Old German, sprotte (1611) = a small fish, Clupea sp. (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.
环境:氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 pelagic-neritic; 深度上下限 0 - 50 m (Ref. 188). 亞熱帶的; 38°S - 45°S, 139°E - 149°E (Ref. 188)
Southwest Pacific: Australia and New Zealand.
西南太平洋: 澳洲與紐西蘭。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 14.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 188)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 13 - 21; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 12 - 23. Lower jaw slightly projecting, gill cover without bony radiating striae; belly not sharply keeled, scutes rounded; last two anal fin rays not enlarged. Pterotic bulla absent.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
下颌些微突出, 没有多骨的放射陷纹的鳃盖; 腹面不锐利地龙骨,鳞甲圆的; 最后两个臀鳍棘条不增大了。 翼的文件印章不存在。
A schooling species found in coastal waters (in deep bays, Ref. 9563), appearing off Tasmanian shores in large schools (especially in August-November) and often entering estuaries (e.g. of Tamar and Derwent Rivers; said to ascend the former as far as Launceston in March). More data needed.
一个群游性鱼种发现于沿岸水域 (在深的海湾中, 参考文献 9563)了, 出现外海的塔斯梅尼亚的海岸在大群鱼群 (尤其在八月-十一月) 中与时常进入河口 (Tamar 与德文特河河的例如; 对在三月上溯到先前人远达 Launceston说). 需要更多的资料。
生命周期和交配行为
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西南太平洋: 澳洲與紐西蘭。
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
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特别资料
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基于模型的估算
首选温度 (参考文献
123201): 13.5 - 15.9, mean 15 °C (based on 18 cells).
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.5313 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00331 - 0.01379), b=3.13 (2.95 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 2.8 ±0.2 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
渔业脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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