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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Lutjanus: Malay, ikan lutjan, name of a fish.
More on author: Forsskål.
Milieu: milieu / Klimaatzone / Diepte / verspreidingsgebied
Ecologie
marien rifbewoner; diepte 1 - 150 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical; 35°N - 33°S, 31°E - 134°W (Ref. 55)
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to the Line and Society islands, north to southern Japan, south to Australia.
Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturiteit: Lm 21.5 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 56.8 cm FL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 125599); common length : 45.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 5450); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 2.8 kg (Ref. 125599); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 24 Jaren (Ref. 107770)
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 10; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 13 - 14; Anale stekels: 3; Anale zachte stralen: 8. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body moderately deep; greatest depth 2.2-2.5 in SL; preopercular notch and knob well developed; vomerine tooth patch crescentic, without a medial posterior extension; gill rakers of first gill arch 9-10 + 115-20 = 25-30 (including rudiments); caudal fin distinctly forked with rounded lobes. Colour red to greyish, an orange hue on lower part of opercle and in pectoral fin axil; fins red (pectoral fins) or usually dark brown to blackish; soft part of dorsal fin, anal and caudal fins with a narrow white margin; juveniles with a large round black spot at base of caudal fin (Ref. 9821, 90102).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Adults mainly inhabit coral reefs, sometimes forming large aggregations, which are mostly stationary during the day. Juveniles occur in seagrass beds, also in mixed sand and coral habitats of shallow sheltered reefs (Ref. 1602). Sub-adults commonly form very large schools that are stationary or drift slowly along slopes during the day. Large individuals along coastal slopes at moderate depths (Ref. 48635). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Feed on fishes, and a variety of invertebrates including shrimps, crabs, lobsters, stomatopods, cephalopods, echinoderms and ophiuroids (Ref. 55). Caught mainly with handlines, traps, and gill nets. Commonly sold fresh. Sometimes causes ciguatera poisoning, particularly around the Pacific islands (Ref. 9821).
Off East Africa spawning occurs mainly during spring and summer.
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Gevaar voor de mens
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 9710)
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: commercieel; sportvis: ja; Aquarium: Publieke aquaria
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Schattingen op basis van modellen
Gewenste temperatuur (Ref.
123201): 24.5 - 29.1, mean 28 °C (based on 2228 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01549 (0.01404 - 0.01709), b=2.97 (2.95 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 4,5-14 jaar (K=0.06-0.7; tmax=24; Fec >10,000).
Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.85, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Kwetsbaarheid van de visserij (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
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Kwetsbaarheid voor het klimaat (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (63 of 100).
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Voedingsstoffen (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 31.8 [20.8, 43.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.323 [0.211, 0.482] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [17.1, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.148 [0.108, 0.199] g/100g; Selenium = 72.2 [50.0, 100.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 137 [26, 492] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.406 [0.333, 0.555] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
