Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
; air tawar bentopelagis; pH range: 7.0 - 7.5; dH range: 10 - 15. Subtropical; 1°C - 36°C (Ref. 35682); 50°N - 25°N
North America: St. Lawrence - Great Lakes and Mississippi river basin; from Quebec to northern Mexico. Widely introduced. Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction.
Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 41.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5723); common length : 19.1 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 12193); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 2.2 kg (Ref. 4699); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 10 Tahun (Ref. 72462)
A dark blue or black "ear" on an extension of the gill cover called the opercular flap; a prominent dark blotch at the base of the dorsal fin, close to the tail; typically olive-green backs, with a blue or purplish sheen along the sides; faint vertical bars may be present along the sides; breeding males may have more blue and orange coloration on their flanks (Ref. 44091).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Adults are found frequently in lakes, ponds, reservoirs and sluggish streams (Ref. 5723, 10294); occur primarily in reservoirs in Hawaii; preferably live in deep weed beds (Ref. 5723). Active mainly during dusk and dawn. They feed upon snails, small crayfish, insects, worms and small minnows (Ref. 5723). Young feed on crustaceans, insects and worms (Ref. 5723, 10294).
Males guard the eggs for about 7 days (Ref. 93240). Also Ref. 101194.
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Potential pest
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil; Budidaya air: komersial; Ikan buruan: ya; Akuarium: Komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01380 (0.01183 - 0.01610), b=3.13 (3.09 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan
69278): 3.2 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (K=0.19-0.3; tmax=11).
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
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Nutrisi (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 53.9 [28.4, 111.3] mg/100g; Iron = 1.02 [0.62, 1.78] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.4, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.397 [0.164, 1.023] g/100g; Selenium = 26 [10, 63] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.6 [6.4, 59.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.06 [0.71, 1.62] mg/100g (wet weight);
