ກຸ່ມປາກະດູກອ່ອນ (ເຊັ່ນ: ປາສະຫລາມ, ປາຜາໄລ) (sharks and rays) >
Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) >
Zanobatidae (Panrays)
Eponymy: Dr Johann Lukas Schönlein (1793–1864) was a German naturalist and professor of medicine. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on authors: Müller & Henle.
ສະພາບແວດລ້ອມ: ສະພາບແວດລ້ອມ / ເຂດດິນຟ້າອາກາດ / ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ / ຂອບເຂດການແຈກຢາຍ
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
ສັດທະເລ ອາໄສຢູ່ໃກ້ໜ້າດິນໃຕ້ພື້ນທ້ອງນ້ຳ; ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ ? - 100 m (Ref. 27000), usually 10 - 15 m (Ref. 114953). Tropical; 31°N - 18°S, 19°W - 14°E (Ref. 114953)
Eastern Central Atlantic: Morocco to Angola.
ຄວາມຍາວໃນການເຕີບໂຕເຕັມຄັ້ງທໍາອິດ / ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / ອາຍຸ
ການຈະເລີນເຕັມໄວ: Lm 38.5, range 37 - 40 cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 6513); common length : 40.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 114953); common length :50 cm TL (female); ນ້ຳໜັກສູງສຸດທີ່ເຄຍຈັດພີມມາ: 1.4 kg (Ref. 114953)
Occurs in shallow coastal waters to moderate depth, over sandy and sandy-muddy bottoms. Feeds on mollusks and other benthic invertebrates, mainly shrimps (Ref. 6513, 114953). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 5377). Females mature at 37-40 cm TL, males ca. 30 cm TL; born at ca. 19 cm TL. Litters of 1-4 pups after short gestation; born at ca. 19 cm TL (Ref. 114953).
ວົງຈອນຊີວິດ ແລະພຶດຕິກໍາການຫາຄູ່
ການຈະເລີນເຕັມໄວ | ການສືບພັນ | ການວາງໄຂ່ | ໄຂ່ | ຄວາມດົກຂອງໄຂ່ປາ | ຕົວອ່ອນ
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).
Stehmann, M., 1990. Platyrhinidae. p. 28. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 6513)
ສະຖານະພາບບັນຊີແດງຂອງ IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ໄພຂົ່ມຂູ່ຕໍ່ມະນຸດ
Harmless
ການນໍາໃຊ້ຂອງມະນຸດ
ການປະມົງ: ເປັນສີນຄ້າ
ເຄື່ອງມື
ບົດລາຍງານພິເສດ
ດາວໂຫລດ XML
ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
ການຄາດຄະເນໂດຍອີງໃສ່ແບບຈໍາລອງ
ອຸນຫະພູມທີ່ຕ້ອງການ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
123201): 15.6 - 20.9, mean 19.2 °C (based on 19 cells).
ດັດຊະນີຄວາມຫຼາກຫຼາຍທາງຊີວະພາບ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
69278): 3.6 ±0.44 se; based on food items.
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
120179): ຕຳ່, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງເທົ່າ 4.5 - 14 ປີ (Fec assumed to be <100).
ຄວາມສ່ຽງຕໍ່ການຫາປາ (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (60 of 100).
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