分类 / 名称
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围
生态学
; 淡水 居于水底的; pH range: 7.0 - 7.5; dH range: 10 - 15. 溫帶; 4°C - 18°C (Ref. 2059); 49°N - 43°N, 8°E - 30°E
Europe: Danube drainage.
歐洲: 多瑙河系統， Kamchiya 河。 在伯恩公約的附錄 3 中 (受保育的動物群).
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm 14.0, range 12 - 16 cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 556); common length : 15.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 556); 最大体重: 250.00 g (Ref. 556); 最大年龄: 15 年 (Ref. 59043)
背棘 (总数) : 17 - 19. Distinguished from its congeners by having unique characters of 3 discontinuous dark stripes along flank and 55-62 + 4-5 scales along lateral line. Differs further from other species of the genus by having 17-19 dorsal spines (Ref. 59043).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Adults occur in groups in open sand and mud bottom of large rivers with moderate current. Nocturnal, feeding on small invertebrates, especially molluscs, usually crepuscular but may also feed at daytime. Larvae are benthic (Ref. 59043).
栖息于多瑙河的较深部分, 在沙与碎石之上。 吃蠕虫，片脚类动物，昆虫幼生与鱼卵。 从四月到五月产卵。 卵在石头, 等等。上被在宽的地带附上
生命周期和交配行为
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Eggs are attached to stones by females (Ref. 59043).歐洲: 多瑙河系統， Kamchiya 河。 在伯恩公約的附錄 3 中 (受保育的動物群).
Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
人类利用
渔业: 没有兴趣; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 诱饵: usually
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
基于模型的估算
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00469 - 0.02338), b=3.05 (2.87 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 3.4 ±0.43 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 5.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (tm=2-3; tmax=15).
渔业脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
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