分類 / 名稱
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers)
笛鯛科 (Snappers) > Etelinae
Etymology: Aphareus: Greek, aphareys, -eos = water wings under the belly of female tunna (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 100 - 330 m (Ref. 37816). 熱帶; 35°N - 35°S, 24°E - 150°W (Ref. 55)
Indo-Pacific: East Africa to the Hawaiian Islands, north to the Ryukyu and Ogasawara islands, south to Australia. Southeast Atlantic: Port Alfred, South Africa (Ref. 11228).
印度-太平洋: 東非到夏威夷群島, 北至琉球與小笠原群島, 南至澳洲。 東南大西洋: 南非的艾佛烈港.(參考文獻 11228)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 110 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5484); common length : 79.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 37816); 最大體重: 11.3 kg (Ref. 4887); 最大年齡: 16 年 (Ref. 82366)
背棘 (總數) : 10; 背的軟條 (總數) : 10 - 11; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body elongate and laterally compressed; lower jaw protruding; premaxillae not protrusible, fixed by a frenum; teeth in jaws are extremely small, minute in large adults; roof of mouth toothless; maxilla without scales or longitudinal ridges; interorbital region flattened; gill openings extending far anterior to orbit; gill rakers on first gill arch 16 - 19 + 32-35 = 49-52; last soft ray of both dorsal and anal fins well produced, longer than next to last ray; caudal fin forked; D X,11 (occasionally 10); membranes of dorsal and anal fins without scales; tubed lateral-line scales 69-75. Colour of body blue-grey or mauve to overall reddish; margin of maxilla black; in some specimens, at least, inside of mouth, gill chamber, and gills shining silver; fins yellowish to reddish except pelvic and anal fins sometimes whitish (Ref. 9821).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
顎骨延伸至眼睛中央下方; 眼間隔平的。 背鰭與臀鰭沒有鱗片。 通常藍灰色的或淡紫色到全體淡紅的; 鰭淡黃色的到淡紅的除腹鰭，而且臀鰭有時那是微白色的; 顎骨黑色的邊緣。
Adults inhabit reefs and rocky bottom areas to depths of at least 100 m (Ref. 4887). Found in pelagic and benthopelagic waters (Ref. 58302). They feed on fishes, squids and crustaceans (Ref. 4887). Marketed fresh (Ref. 37816).
棲息於礁與岩石的底部區域到深度至少 100 公尺。 吃魚，烏賊與甲殼動物。 (參考文獻 4887) 在市場上銷售生鮮地了。
生命週期和交配行為
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-太平洋: 東非到夏威夷群島, 北至琉球與小笠原群島, 南至澳洲。 東南大西洋: 南非的艾佛烈港.(參考文獻 11228)
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 March 2015
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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基於模型的估計
首選溫度 (參考文獻
123201): 14.1 - 23.3, mean 18.4 °C (based on 229 cells).
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01549 (0.01243 - 0.01930), b=2.93 (2.87 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 4.1 ±0.57 se; based on food items.
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.16; tmax=16;).
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (53 of 100).
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氣候脆弱性 (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (73 of 100).
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營養素 (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 19.9 [11.6, 34.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.48 [0.26, 0.79] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [17, 21] %; Omega3 = 0.147 [0.094, 0.225] g/100g; Selenium = 57.5 [34.5, 100.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 80.3 [28.6, 249.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.704 [0.502, 0.973] mg/100g (wet weight);
