Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde
Ekologi
marina; brackvatten bottenlevande. Tropical
Eastern Atlantic Ocean: Nigeria (Old Calabar), Benin, Gulf of Guinea (Ref. 4438).
Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 320 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 4438)
Diagnosis: A large stingray entirely covered by discrete prickles, but without tubercles (Ref. 81259).
Body shape (shape guide): other.
A coastal species (Ref. 4438), that would be capable of migrating into freshwaters (Ref. 81259). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449).
Livscykel och parningsbeteende
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).
Capapé, C. and M. Desoutter, 1990. Dasyatidae. p. 59-63. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4438)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Hot mot människor
Harmless
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Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00189 - 0.01058), b=3.12 (2.92 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 4,5-14 år (Assuming fecundity<100).
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
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