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Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes) >
Acanthuridae (Surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes) > Acanthurinae
Etymology: Acanthurus: Greek, akantha = thorn + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Taxonomic Remarks
Planes and Fauvelot (2002) studied Acanthurus triostegus over its vast range and published in the journal Evolution and they did not recognize Acanthurus triostegus sandvicensis as a species. FishBase follows Randall, 1956 with A. sandvicensis as a subspecies (synonym) of A. triostegus.
Milieu: milieu / Klimaatzone / Diepte / verspreidingsgebied
Ecologie
marien rifbewoner; diepte 0 - 90 m (Ref. 9710), usually 0 - 90 m (Ref. 27115). Tropical; 26°N - 36°S, 25°E - 85°W (Ref. 57245)
Indo-Pacific: throughout the region except for the seas around the Arabian Peninsula. Eastern Pacific: lower Gulf of California to Panama, including the Revillagigedo, Cocos, Clipperton, and Galapagos islands.
Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturiteit: Lm 8.8 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 27.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 3145); common length : 17.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 9267)
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 9; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 22 - 26; Anale stekels: 3; Anale zachte stralen: 19 - 22. Body olivaceous gray, with 4 vertical stripes (1 stripe on head across the yellow eye; 1 on caudal peduncle); shading to white ventrally, often with a sharp line of demarcation. Sharp, forward-pointing, erectile spine on each side of caudal peduncle which folds down into a groove. Scales minute. Teeth with denticulations on sides and top. Gill rakers 18-22 in anterior row, 19-24 in posterior row.
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: compressed.
Adults occur in lagoon and seaward reefs with hard substrate; young abundant in tide pools (Ref. 3145, 48637). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Often feeding near freshwater run-offs where certain algae grow on rocks that are grazed (Ref. 48637). Occasionally form schools; feed on filamentous algae in large aggregations. During spawning, clouds of eggs and sperm are preyed upon by eagle rays which are often present during spawning. Form spawning aggregations (Ref. 27825). Size of metamorphosis from post-larva stage to juvenile is 3.2 cm (Ref. 9267). Utilized as a food fish (Ref. 7364). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 27115.
Form spawning aggregations (Ref. 27825).
Randall, J.E., 1956. A revision of the surgeonfish genus Acanthurus. Pac. Sci. 10(2):159-235. (Ref. 1920)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Gevaar voor de mens
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 4690)
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: commercieel; Aquarium: Commercieel
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Schattingen op basis van modellen
Gewenste temperatuur (Ref.
123201): 23.4 - 28.9, mean 27.6 °C (based on 2614 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02344 (0.01950 - 0.02818), b=2.97 (2.93 - 3.01), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 2.8 ±0.35 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (K=0.35; tm=1-2).
Kwetsbaarheid van de visserij (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (16 of 100).
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Kwetsbaarheid voor het klimaat (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).
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Voedingsstoffen (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 71.8 [30.1, 215.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.884 [0.331, 2.244] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.4, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.128 [0.057, 0.283] g/100g; Selenium = 23.5 [8.3, 74.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 32.8 [8.6, 116.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.55 [0.81, 4.65] mg/100g (wet weight);
