Umwelt: Milieu / Klimazone / Tiefenbereich / Verbreitungsgebiet
Ökologie
seewasser; brackwasser pelagic-neritic; tiefenbereich 0 - 50 m (Ref. 188), usually 1 - 7 m (Ref. 96339). Tropical; 33°N - 17°S, 115°W - 76°W (Ref. 188)
Eastern Pacific: La Jolla, California to Peru (at least to Callao), including the Gulf of California (Ref. 35601). (This species seems to have two forms or subspecies: Harengula thrissina thrissina from the Gulf of California to Panama and Harengula thrissina peruana from Panama to Peru).
Größe / Gewicht / Alter
Geschlechtsreife: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.4 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 96339); common length : 8.0 cm SL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 9291)
Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 0; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 13 - 21; Afterflossenstacheln: 0; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 15 - 17. tooth plate on tongue and tooth plate behind it (basihyal and basibranchial tooth plates) broad, their width about 3 to 5 times in their combined lengths. Last dorsal fin ray not elongate (cf. Opisthonema).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
A schooling species found in coastal waters. Form dense schools along shores and estuarine areas with salinities slightly lower than that of saltwater (Ref. 9291). Feed on planktonic crustaceans (Ref. 9291). Oviparous, with planktonic eggs and larvae (Ref. 35601). Utilized as bait (at least in Mexico and Costa Rica) (Ref. 9291).
Lebenszyklus und Paarungsverhalten
Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fruchtbarkeit | Larven
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kleinfischerei; Köder: occasionally
Tools
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Schätzungen auf der Grundlage von Modellen
Bevorzugte Temperatur (Ref.
123201): 22.3 - 29.1, mean 26.4 °C (based on 242 cells).
Phylogenetischer Diversitätsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00414 - 0.01834), b=3.06 (2.89 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophische Ebene (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.30 se; based on food items.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): hoch, Verdopplung der Population dauert weniger als 15 Monate. (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Anfälligkeit der Fischerei (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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Nährstoffe (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 267 [139, 488] mg/100g; Iron = 2.19 [1.33, 3.63] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.8, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.434 [0.246, 0.764] g/100g; Selenium = 39.8 [19.8, 76.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 31 [14, 71] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.87 [1.31, 2.71] mg/100g (wet weight);
