Ambiente: milieu / zona climatica / distribuzione batimetrica / gamma di distribuzione
Ecologia
marino; salmastro pelagic-neritic; distribuzione batimetrica 0 - 50 m (Ref. 188), usually 1 - 7 m (Ref. 96339). Tropical; 33°N - 17°S, 115°W - 76°W (Ref. 188)
Eastern Pacific: La Jolla, California to Peru (at least to Callao), including the Gulf of California (Ref. 35601). (This species seems to have two forms or subspecies: Harengula thrissina thrissina from the Gulf of California to Panama and Harengula thrissina peruana from Panama to Peru).
Dimensione / Peso / Età
Maturità: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.4 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 96339); common length : 8.0 cm SL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 9291)
Breve descrizione
Chiavi di identificazione | Morfologia | Morfometria
Spine dorsali (totale) : 0; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 13 - 21; Spine anali: 0; Raggi anali molli: 15 - 17. tooth plate on tongue and tooth plate behind it (basihyal and basibranchial tooth plates) broad, their width about 3 to 5 times in their combined lengths. Last dorsal fin ray not elongate (cf. Opisthonema).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
A schooling species found in coastal waters. Form dense schools along shores and estuarine areas with salinities slightly lower than that of saltwater (Ref. 9291). Feed on planktonic crustaceans (Ref. 9291). Oviparous, with planktonic eggs and larvae (Ref. 35601). Utilized as bait (at least in Mexico and Costa Rica) (Ref. 9291).
Ciclo vitale e comportamento di accoppiamento
Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecondità | Larve
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
Stato della Lista Rossa IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Minaccia per l'uomo
Harmless
Usi umani
Pesca: pesca di sussistenza; esca: occasionally
Strumenti
Rapporti speciali
Scarica XML
Fonti Internet
Stime basate su modelli
Temperatura preferita (Fonte Biblio.
123201): 22.3 - 29.1, mean 26.4 °C (based on 242 cells).
Indice di diversità filogenetica (Fonte Biblio.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00414 - 0.01834), b=3.06 (2.89 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Livello trofico (Fonte Biblio.
69278): 3.1 ±0.30 se; based on food items.
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio.
120179): Alto, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione meno di 15 mesi (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Vulnerabilità della pesca (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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Nutrienti (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 267 [139, 488] mg/100g; Iron = 2.19 [1.33, 3.63] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.8, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.434 [0.246, 0.764] g/100g; Selenium = 39.8 [19.8, 76.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 31 [14, 71] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.87 [1.31, 2.71] mg/100g (wet weight);
