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Gadiformes (Cods) >
Macrouridae (Grenadiers or rattails)
Etymology: Hymenocephalus: Named for its transparent membrane-like head covering (‘‘hymen head’’) and fragile nature of head bones (Ref. 100825).
Eponymy: William ‘Bill’ Harding Longley (1881–1937) was a Canadian-born botanist and ichthyologist who studied colours and patterns of tropical reef fish. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on authors: Marshall & Iwamoto.
Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde
Ekologi
marina batypelagisk; djupintervall 400 - 900 m (Ref. 37108). Deep-water
Western Central Atlantic: Straits of Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, and off Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 39.5 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 115012); publicerad maxvikt: 270.90 g (Ref. 115012)
Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 10 - 13. This species is distinguished by the following characters: pelvic fin rays 12-14 (usually 13-14); pectoral fin rays 14-17; projecting snout, 20-25% HL; short barbel, 4-5% HL, does not reach vertical through anterior margin of orbit; moderate orbit diameter, 28-35% HL; infraorbital width 12-15% HL; moderately long preopercular supporter, with angle at rear margin, 5-6% HL; 23-28 gill rakers; ventral striae reaching to ½ to ? distance from pelvic fin bases to periproct; otolith has moderately high predorsal lobe, with colliculi separated, closely placed across collum, terminating at some distance from anterior and posterior rims of otolith; otolith length to height (OL:OH), 1.05; total colliculum length to pseudocolliculum length (TCL:PCL), 2.6-2.8 (Ref. 98298).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: compressed.
Livscykel och parningsbeteende
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver
Cohen, D.M., A.W. Ebeling, T. Iwamoto, S.B. McDowell, N.B. Marshall, D.E. Rosen, P. Sonoda, W.H. Weed III and L.P. Woods, 1973. Fishes of the western North Atlantic. Part six. New Haven, Sears Found. Mar. Res., Yale Univ. (Ref. 37108)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Hot mot människor
Harmless
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Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Önskad temperatur (Ref.
123201): 7.1 - 13.9, mean 9.5 °C (based on 83 cells).
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00145 (0.00087 - 0.00240), b=3.21 (3.06 - 3.36), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (Assuming tmax>3).
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
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