أشلاق (القروش و الشفانين) (sharks and rays) >
Rajiformes (Skates and rays) >
Arhynchobatidae (Softnose skates)
Etymology: Bathyraja: Greek, bathys = deep + Latin, raja, -ae = a ray (Raja sp) (Ref. 45335); aleutica: Named for its type locality, Aleutian Islands.
More on author: Gilbert.
البيئة: الوسط / المنطقة المناخية / نطاق العمق / نطاق التوزيع
البيئة
بحري قاعية المعيشة; نطاق العمق 15 - 1602 m (Ref. 50550). Deep-water
North Pacific: from the Bering Sea, south to Cape Mendocino, northern California, and far west to northern Japan.
الطول عند النضج الأول / الحجم / وزن / العمر
النضج: Lm 122.0, range 112 - 132 cm
Max length : 161 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 56527); 154.0 cm TL (female); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 23.1 kg (Ref. 56527)
وصف مختصر
مفاتيح التعريف | الوصف الخارجي | قياسات المظهر الخارجي
This large, rhomboidal skates (1,540 mm TL) have long head length 16.7-24.3% TL) and rounded pectoral apices; interdorsal space is large (1.3-3.1% TL); claspers short and stubby, with tip rounded and not bulbous, with weakly defined pseudosiphon, the dorsal lobe has a short pseudorhipidion, U-shaped cleft, while ventral lobe with a rounded projection; teeth in 34-42 rows on upper jaw, and 32-38 rows on lower jaw; pectoral radials 90; pelvic fins 22; total vertebrae 152; dorsal surface of body with fine prickles, becoming larger on the tail, also with thorns, with males having alar thorns, no malar thorns, middorsal thorns developed and high in number (4-11), nuchal thorns strong (3-5), scapular and tail thorns present, interdorsal thorns weak (1-2). Colouration: dorsal dark brown to grey, dark spots on pectorals, often with ocellus on either pectoral fin, while ventral white, with darker coloration on the snout, gills, disc margins, pelvics, and underside of the tail (Ref. 126515).
Cross section: flattened.
Found in deep waters, on outer continental shelf and upper slope, often over muddy sediments. Reported to feed mainly on benthic crustaceans, including shrimps and crabs, and secondarily on bony fishes (Ref. 126515). Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Size at maturity for males 113 cm TL and 125 cm TL for females with males growing to at least 150 cm TL and females grow to about 154 cm TL; reported size at birth is 12-15 cm TL (Ref. 126515). Eggs are deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsule measures 120-136 mm long and 73-90 mm wide (Ref. 41249, 41253); golden brown in color, and covered with coarse, striated, and anteriorly-directed prickles, giving it a velvety texture; the cases are with long, curved horns at each corner, with the anterior horns being short and these horns taper and become thin and filamentous at their ends (Ref. 126515).
دورة الحياة وسلوك التزاوج
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | اليرقات
Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).
Knuckey, J.D.S. and D.A. Ebert, 2022. A taxonomic revision of Northeast Pacific softnose skates (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae: Bathyraja Ishiyama). Zootaxa 5142(1):1-89. (Ref. 126515)
حالة القائمة الحمراء للاتحاد الدولي لحفظ الطبيعة والموارد الطبيعية (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: bycatch
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
تنزيل XML
مصادر علي الأنترنت
تقديرات تستند إلى النماذج
درجة الحرارة المفضلة (مرجع
123201): 1.3 - 5.1, mean 2.3 °C (based on 239 cells).
مؤشر التنوع الشُعبي الوراثي (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00309 (0.00211 - 0.00452), b=3.11 (3.00 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (مرجع
69278): 4.1 ±0.76 se; based on food items.
المرونه (مرجع
120179): منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (Fec assumed to be <100).
ضعف الصيد (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
🛈
