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Teleostei >
Esociformes (Pikes and mudminnows) >
Esocidae (Pikes)
Etymology: Esox: From Greek, isox and also related with the Celtic root, eog, ehawc = salmon (Ref. 45335); masquinongy: Stemmed from an Ojibwa (Chippewa) Indian name for this fish (Ref. 10294).
More on author: Mitchill.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围
生态学
; 淡水 居于水底的; 河川洄游 (Ref. 126106). 溫帶; 53°N - 30°N
North America: Native to St. Lawrence River - Great Lakes, Hudson Bay (Red River), and Mississippi River basins. Introduced elsewhere in the USA. Native populations are protected in portions of Tennessee and Ohio.
北美洲: 原產於聖勞倫斯河 - 五大湖，哈得遜灣 (紅河) 與密西西比河流域。 引入了在美國的其他地方。 原住民在田納西州與俄亥俄州的部分被保護。
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm 77.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 183 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5723); common length : 95.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大体重: 31.8 kg (Ref. 3549); 最大年龄: 30 年 (Ref. 26373)
Adults live in clear vegetated lakes, quiet pools and backwaters of creeks and small to large rivers (Ref. 205, 10294). Solitary, lurking hunter on other fishes as well as on ducklings, muskrats, and snakes. Oviparous, spawn in spring as the ice melts (Ref. 205).
生活在小溪与小型到大型河川的清澈长满植物的湖泊，静止的池水与洄水区。 独居性, 偷偷猎食其他的鱼以及小鸭子，麝鼠与蛇。 卵生的, 当结冰融化时产卵于春天中。 (参考文献 205)
生命周期和交配行为
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Some experts believe that some form of copulation happens during breeding of this species. The female turns on her side to expose her abdomen to the male who then swims against her in a forceful movement. Aftewards, the female takes a rest and deposits her eggs in the sand. This whole activity is presumably repeated one more time (Ref. 205). Other experts believe otherwise, that only a simple and simultaneous discharge of gametes happens during breeding (Ref. 205).北美洲: 原產於聖勞倫斯河 - 五大湖，哈得遜灣 (紅河) 與密西西比河流域。 引入了在美國的其他地方。 原住民在田納西州與俄亥俄州的部分被保護。
Crossman, E.J., 1996. Taxonomy and distribution. p. 1-11. In J.F. Craig (ed.) Pike biology and exploration. Chapman and Hall, London. 298 p. (Ref. 26373)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 养殖: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
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特别资料
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基于模型的估算
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.5157 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00490 (0.00371 - 0.00646), b=3.08 (3.02 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 4.5 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 6.4 (5.5 - 7.1) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 25
growth studies.
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.07-0.15; tmax=30).
渔业脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100).
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