分类 / 名称
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围
生态学
; 淡水; 半咸淡水 底中水层性; pH range: ? - 7.5; dH range: ? - 16; 非迁移的 (Ref. 126106); 深度上下限 0 - ? m (Ref. 55170). 熱帶; 18°C - 24°C (Ref. 2060); 31°N - 3°N, 93°W - 49°W (Ref. 55170)
North, Central and South America: eastern coasts of Florida (Indian River to Key West) in USA and Bahamas to Cuba, Jamaica, Cayman Island, Brazil, French Guiana, the Netherlands Antilles, Venezuela, Belize, Mexico, Puerto Rico. Throughout Caribbean (Ref. 26938).
向北, 中美洲與南美洲: 在美國與巴哈馬到古巴，牙買加，鱷魚島巴西，法屬圭亞那，荷蘭安地列斯群島，委內瑞拉，貝里斯，墨西哥，波多黎各的佛羅里達 (印地安河調音西方) 的東岸。 在加勒比海各處.(參考文獻 26938)
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm 17.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 7.5 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 27139)
Dark spot surrounded by yellow ring on side of caudal peduncle, just ahead of upper part of caudal fin base (Ref. 26938).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
深色的斑点在尾柄的侧边上被黄色的环包围了, 在尾鳍基底的上半部之前正好。 (参考文献 26938)
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Adults inhabit shallow, mud-bottomed ditches, bays, salt marshes and other brackish-water environments; also crab burrows (Ref. 5723), moist leaf litter, decaying mangrove logs (Ref. 93034). Can withstand heavy pollution of fresh or salty waters and shares its biotope with Poecilia vivipara which is much more abundant (Ref. 35237). Usually found in water with low oxygen content (Ref. 7251). Either male or hermaphroditic, females don't seem to exist. Only about 5% of a population are born as males; after 3-4 years about 60% of the (self-fertilizing) hermaphrodites transform into secondary males by losing female structure and function. The proportion of males depends on the environmental temperature. Below 20°C, majority are males, above 25°C all are hermaphrodites (Ref. 35237). It is the only known naturally occurring, self-fertilizing vertebrate (Ref. 13056, 35237). Not a seasonal killifish. Is very difficult to maintain in aquarium (Ref. 27139).
栖息于浅滩，泥质底的沟渠，海湾，盐湿地与其他的半淡咸水环境; 螃蟹也掘洞穴。 (参考文献 5723) 能用 胎花鱂［Poecilia vivipara］ 抵抗生鲜鱼肉或者咸的水域重污染而且分享它的生存环境是更加丰富的.(参考文献 35237) 通常发现于水具有低溶氧量.(参考文献 7251) 或雄鱼或雌雄同体的, 雌性似乎不存在。 只有大约 5% 的族群出生当雄性; 在 3-4 年大约 60% 的 (自我受精的) 雌雄同体藉由失去雌性的结构与功能转换成次要的雄性之后。 雄性的比例仰赖环境的温度。 下面 20 °C ，多数是雄性, 在 25 °C 之上全部是雌雄同体的.(参考文献 35237) 它是已知唯一的自然地出现, 自我受精的脊椎动物.(参考文献 13056,35237) 不是一个季节性的鱂科鱼类。 在水族馆非常难以维持。 (参考文献 27139)
生命周期和交配行为
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Eggs are sometimes fertilized internally by accident via close apposition of gonopores in otherwise oviparous fishes (Ref. 7471). Regarded as a self-fertilizing hermaphrodite (Ref. 6028, 245, 35237). Eggs are 1.6 mm in diameter. Sexes can be distinguished after 8 weeks (Ref. 35237). Also Ref. 103751.向北, 中美洲與南美洲: 在美國與巴哈馬到古巴，牙買加，鱷魚島巴西，法屬圭亞那，荷蘭安地列斯群島，委內瑞拉，貝里斯，墨西哥，波多黎各的佛羅里達 (印地安河調音西方) 的東岸。 在加勒比海各處.(參考文獻 26938)
Costa, W.J.E.M., 2003. Rivulidae (South American Annual Fishes). p. 526-548. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36579)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 水族馆: 商业性; 诱饵:
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
基于模型的估算
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 3.2 ±0.48 se; based on food items.
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (tm=0.5).
渔业脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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