Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang; nir-ruaya; kisaran kedalaman 0 - 80 m (Ref. 89707), usually 5 - 50 m (Ref. 37816). Tropical; 32°N - 24°S, 32°E - 153°W (Ref. 5222)
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea south to Mozambique and east to the Phoenix Islands, north to Japan, south to Australia. Probably including all the islands of the tropical Indian Ocean.
Panjang pada saat jatuh tempo pertama / Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm ?, range 30 - ? cm
Max length : 65.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 11441)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 11; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 14 - 16; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 8 - 9. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body and head elongate and markedly compressed, its depth distinctly less than head length, 3.1-3.7 times in standard length; body width 2.3-2.8 times in body depth; no palatine teeth; caudal fin rounded. Colour of adults greenish to brownish grey with numerous orange-red spots on head (becoming smaller anteriorly), body, dorsal fin, and basally on caudal fin;3-4 longitudinal whitish bands or series of streaks often visible on postorbital head and body; membranes of soft dorsal, anal, and caudal fins clear; juveniles with longitudinal pale bluish grey stripes on a gold or yellow background; a blue-edged black spot (or double spot) at base of caudal fin and another at base of soft dorsal fin (Ref. 5222, 39231, 90102).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Solitary adults inhabit coral rich areas and clear waters on lagoon and seaward reefs (Ref 90102). They feed mainly on fishes and probably on crustaceans. The distinctive blue and gold striped juveniles are mimics of the wrasse Halichoeres purpurescens (Ref. 39231) or dark damsels in surge zones (Ref. 48635). This allows the species to approach their preys. Often seen in markets but not plentiful enough to be of commercial importance. Caught with hook-and-line, spear, and probably in traps (Ref. 39231). Sold in Hong Kong live fish markets (Ref. 27253). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 128797.
Siklus hidup dan perilaku kawin
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fekunditas | Larva
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil; Ikan buruan: ya
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Suhu yang disukai (Acuan
123201): 24.9 - 29, mean 28 °C (based on 2014 cells).
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.00983 - 0.01224), b=3.04 (3.01 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan
69278): 3.9 ±0.62 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).
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Nutrisi (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 27.4 [17.4, 49.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.454 [0.249, 0.752] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [16.8, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.142 [0.098, 0.213] g/100g; Selenium = 38.9 [24.4, 65.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 81.6 [30.0, 247.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.963 [0.677, 1.322] mg/100g (wet weight);
