分类 / 名称
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Gempylidae (Snake mackerels)
Eponymy: In Greek mythology, Prometheus stole fire from heaven to give to mankind: for which he was bound to a rock where an eagle was sent to feed upon his liver (which then grew back, to be devoured anew the next day). [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Cuvier.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围
生态学
海洋 底中水层性; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 80 - 800 m (Ref. 2683), usually 300 - 400 m (Ref. 5217). 亞熱帶的; 50°N - 36°S, 180°W - 180°E
Tropical and warm temperate waters of all oceans, but absent from eastern Pacific except at Sala y Gomez Ridge.
所有海洋的熱帶與溫帶水域, 但是東太平洋沒有出現除了在 Sala y Gomez 脊之外。
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm 47.4 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 6181); common length : 40.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3403); 最大年龄: 11 年 (Ref. 32115)
背棘 (总数) : 18 - 20; 背的软条 (总数) : 17 - 20; 臀棘: 2 - 3; 臀鳍软条: 15 - 17. Body moderately elongate. Mouth with fang-like teeth. Spinescent gill rakers on the first arch with 1 - 3 cusps and many small spines; the angular raker long and triple-rooted. Body entirely scaled at over 20 - 25 cm SL. Pyloric caeca 7 or 8. Color is grayish to copper brown; fins blackish at over 40 cm SL, yellowish with black tips in smaller specimens (the first dorsal fin with a black blotch on two anteriormost membranes); the buccal and branchial cavities are black. Pelvic fin reduced to one spine that becomes entirely absent in specimens more than 40 cm SL.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: compressed.
身体中等细长的。 嘴部具有尖牙状的齿。 在第一个弓上的 Spinescent 鳃耙 1- 3个尖头与许多小的棘; 隅骨耙长的而且有三个根部。 身体完全地覆有鳞片的在超过 20- 25 公分 SL。 幽门盲囊 7 或 8. 色彩是浅灰色的对铜褐色; 鳍黑色的在超过 40 公分 SL, 淡黄色的在较小的标本中有黑色的顶端;(第一背鳍在二个最前面的薄膜上具有一个黑色的斑块) 那口的与鳃室是黑色的。 腹鳍缩小成一根完全地变成的棘不存在于标本超过 40 公分 SL。
Found at continental slopes, around oceanic islands and submarine rises (Ref. 6181). Meso-benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Migrate to midwater at night (Ref. 6181). Feed on fish, cephalopods and crustaceans (Ref. 6181). Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6766).
在大洋性岛屿与海底隆起的周围发现在大陆斜坡了。 (参考文献 6181) 回游到中层水域在晚上。 (参考文献 6181) 吃鱼，头足类动物与甲壳动物。 (参考文献 6181)
生命周期和交配行为
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Probably spawns throughout the year in warmer seas. 所有海洋的熱帶與溫帶水域, 但是東太平洋沒有出現除了在 Sala y Gomez 脊之外。
Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 诱饵: usually
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
基于模型的估算
首选温度 (参考文献
123201): 8.6 - 16.5, mean 11.1 °C (based on 329 cells).
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00355 (0.00220 - 0.00572), b=3.07 (2.93 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 4.2 ±0.57 se; based on food items.
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.17-0.18; tm=4; tmax=11;).
渔业脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (58 of 100).
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气候脆弱性 (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
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营养素 (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 32.6 [15.0, 65.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.62 [0.29, 1.21] mg/100g; Protein = 17.7 [15.6, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.255 [0.146, 0.444] g/100g; Selenium = 60.5 [27.5, 122.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.2 [3.6, 42.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.55 [0.38, 0.82] mg/100g (wet weight);
