分類 / 名稱
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) >
Squatiniformes (Angel sharks)
扁鯊目 (Angel sharks) >
Squatinidae (Angel sharks)
琵琶鮫科 (Angel sharks)
Etymology: Squatina: Latin for skate, which angel sharks superficially resemble, presumably tautonymous with Squalus squatina Linnaeus 1758 (no species mentioned) (See ETYFish); occulta: Latin for hidden or concealed, referring to its identity having remained hidden among a group of morphologically similar sympatric species (See ETYFish).
環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
海洋 居於水底的. 亞熱帶的; 19°S - 34°S (Ref. 95520)
Southwest Atlantic: southern Brazil to southern Uruguay.
西南大西洋: 巴西南部到阿根廷.(參考文獻 58839)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 156.0 cm TL (female)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
This species is distinguished by its unique dorsal color pattern, with a uniform light to dark brown background color, with numerous white to yellowish rounded, small spots on entire dorsal surface, some surrounded by many small black spots, forming irregular ocelli-like markings; differs from S. guggenheim by the smaller and more numerous white spots on entire dorsal surface, spot size one-half to eye-length (vs. less numerous spots about equal to eye to 1.5 eye-length in S. guggenheim), larger size at maturity > 100.0 cm (vs. 73.0-80.0 cm), dermal denticles over pectoral fins morphologically homogeneous, no sort of enlarged dermal denticle present (vs. a pair or more of enlarged dermal denticles close to dorsal pectoral origin), the dorsal midline with denticles morphologically similar to trunk denticles, or denticles over dorsal midline posterior to pectoral insertion slightly enlarged, the basal plate 1.5-2 times diameter of other dorsal denticles and organized in a row in some juveniles of S. occulta (vs. a row of enlarged, conical denticles over dorsal midline, morphologically distinct from other dorsal denticles, with basal plate 3-4 times that of other dorsal denticles, and a crown with several median ridges and acute non-ridged apex); differs from S. argentina by having a lighter background color, light to dark brown (vs. dark brown to reddish-brown), with a pair of enlarged, conical and morphologically distinct dermal denticles between spiracles, the basal plate 3-4 times diameter of other denticles, crown with several median ridges, and smooth and acute crown apex (vs. interspiracular surface covered by smaller dorsal denticles, without enlarged denticles), with lower number of tooth rows, 18-0 longitudinal tooth rows on upper jaw and 18-2 tooth rows on lower jaw, tooth formula: 9-9 to 10-10/9-9 to 11-11 (vs. 12-12/12-12 in S. argentina), and in almost all specimens, by anterior margin of pectoral fin straight to slightly convex (vs. anterior margin of pectoral fin convex in S. argentina) (Ref. 95520).
Cross section: angular.
Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Max. length (Alfredo Carvalho Filho, pers. comm., 2002).
卵胎生的.(參考文獻 50449) 最大體長 (Alfredo Carvalho Filho ， pers. comm。,2002)。
生命週期和交配行為
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Ovoviviparous, embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449).西南大西洋: 巴西南部到阿根廷.(參考文獻 58839)
Vaz, D.F.B. and M.R. De Carvalho, 2013. Morphological and taxonomic revision of species of Squatina from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Chondrichthyes: Squatiniformes: Squatinidae). Zootaxa 3695(1):001-081. (Ref. 95520)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
極危 (CR) (A2bd); Date assessed: 07 June 2018
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基於模型的估計
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00661 (0.00287 - 0.01523), b=3.07 (2.88 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 4.1 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Fec assumed to be <100).
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
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