Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut bentopelagis; kisaran kedalaman 100 - 770 m (Ref. 7412), usually 360 - 540 m (Ref. 7412). Deep-water
Eastern Atlantic: Azores, Madeira, the Canary Islands, Cape Verde and St. Helena Islands. Western Atlantic: West Indies, Saba Bank, Leeward Islands, off northern coast of Cuba and west of the Bahamas. Reported to occur in the northern coast of South America (Ref. 5217).
Panjang pada saat jatuh tempo pertama / Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm 26.0, range 20 - ? cm
Max length : 48.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5217); common length : 30.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 7412); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 14 Tahun (Ref. 88061)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 5; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 34 - 37; Duri dubur: 4; Sirip dubur lunak: 15 - 16; vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 29. Dark brownish grey in color, silvery below; black blotch on distal part of anterior dorsal rays (Ref. 6624). Snout blunt, rounded, adipose. Hyoid barbels present (Ref. 37108).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Found on semi-hard and soft bottoms on the continental shelf and slope. Marketed fresh and frozen.
Siklus hidup dan perilaku kawin
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fekunditas | Larva
Hureau, J.-C., 1990. Polymixiidae. p. 625. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7412)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Suhu yang disukai (Acuan
123201): 8.4 - 15.3, mean 11.4 °C (based on 187 cells).
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5007 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01202 (0.00915 - 0.01580), b=3.04 (2.96 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan
69278): 4.2 ±0.73 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 5.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Assuming tm=2-4).
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
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Nutrisi (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 27.7 [17.0, 62.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.479 [0.233, 0.908] mg/100g; Protein = 16.9 [15.8, 18.0] %; Omega3 = 0.322 [0.169, 0.635] g/100g; Selenium = 20.1 [8.9, 44.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.4 [3.7, 73.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.337 [0.227, 0.497] mg/100g (wet weight);
