分類 / 名稱
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Mulliformes (Goatfishes)
鱸形目 (Goatfishes) >
Mullidae (Goatfishes)
鬚鯛科 (Goatfishes)
Etymology: Mullus: Latin, mullus = soft (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Taxonomic Remarks
Mullus barbatus barbatus Linnaeus, 1758 and Mullus barbatus ponticus Essipov, 1927 (restricted to Black and Azov Seas) are constantly recognized as subspecies rank, including in Eschmeyer's CofF (ver. Nov. 2020). Related information is found under the "Stocks" link in the species summary page / More info.
環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 10 - 328 m (Ref. 56504), usually 100 - 300 m (Ref. 35388). 亞熱帶的; 58°N - 14°N, 32°W - 42°E
Eastern Atlantic: Norway, British Isles (occasionally Scandinavia) to Dakar, Senegal, Canary Islands, Mediterranean, including Azores and Madeira.
東大西洋: 英國人使到達喀爾，塞內加爾，加納利群島，地中海與黑海成為島嶼 (偶然地斯堪的那維亞半島) 。 也已知來自亞速群島。 (參考文獻 4845)
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm 11.5, range 10 - ? cm
Max length : 38.2 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 88921); common length : 20.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4845); 最大體重: 680.00 g (Ref. 88921)
Found on gravel, sand and mud bottoms of the continental shelf. Depth range from 10-300 m (Ref. 07313) and up to depth of 328 in the eastern Ionian Sea (Ref. 56504). Feeds on small benthic crustaceans, worms and mollusks (Ref. 4845). Marketed mainly fresh (Ref. 9987).
棲息於礫石，大陸棚的沙與泥底部了。 吃小型底棲的甲殼動物，蠕蟲與軟體動物。 (參考文獻 4845) 生鮮地主要地在市場上銷售。 (參考文獻 9987)
東大西洋: 英國人使到達喀爾，塞內加爾，加納利群島，地中海與黑海成為島嶼 (偶然地斯堪的那維亞半島) 。 也已知來自亞速群島。 (參考文獻 4845)
Ben-Tuvia, A., 1990. Mullidae. p. 827-829. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7313)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 14 July 2014
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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基於模型的估計
首選溫度 (參考文獻
123201): 13.1 - 15.9, mean 14.2 °C (based on 119 cells).
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00795 - 0.00954), b=3.09 (3.06 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 3.1 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.3 (2.7 - 4.1) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 52
growth studies.
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.11-0.5; tmax=11; tm=1-2).
Prior r = 0.68, 95% CL = 0.45 - 1.02, Based on 27 full stock assessments.
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
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氣候脆弱性 (Ref.
125649): Low vulnerability (13 of 100).
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營養素 (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 80.2 [44.6, 166.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.473 [0.187, 1.774] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [18, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.783 [0.501, 1.241] g/100g; Selenium = 23.5 [11.0, 50.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.5 [4.5, 47.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.249 [0.163, 0.554] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
