分類 / 名稱
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Cladistii >
Polypteriformes (Bichirs)
多鰭魚目 (Bichirs) >
Polypteridae (Bichirs)
多鰭魚科 (Bichirs)
Etymology: Polypterus: Greek, poly = a lot of + Greek, pteron = wing, fin (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Boulenger.
Taxonomic Remarks
Type locality: Monsembe (Haut Congo).
環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
; 淡水 居於水底的. 熱帶; 26°C - 28°C (Ref. 1672)
Africa: Congo River basin in Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo (Ref. 3188, Angola (Ref. 3188, 120641) and Republic of Congo (Ref. 45477). Also reported from the Lake Rukwa drainage (Ref. 27292) and Lake Tanganyika basin (Ref. 4537, 36901, 54847).
非洲: 剛果河流域 (剛果，安哥拉, 喀麥隆);(參考文獻 3188) 魯誇湖流域 (參考文獻 27292) 與坦噶尼喀湖.(參考文獻 4537, 參考文獻 36901)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3188)
背棘 (總數) : 9 - 11; 臀棘: 14 - 15. Subcylindrical body (Ref. 27292, Ref. 36901). Upper and lower jaw of equal length (Ref. 36901, Ref. 42907). Number of dorsal finlets: 9-11 (Ref. 42908, Ref. 51884). Dorsal fin origin well behind pectoral fin (Ref. 4967, Ref. 42873). Ganoid scales (Ref. 27292, Ref. 42904): 58-65 lateral line scales, 38-44 scales around body, 22-27 predorsal scales (Ref. 2970, Ref. 11970, Ref. 42907, Ref. 42908). Dorsal side grey-brown colored, marbled with clear whitish spots (Ref. 11970), the belly is white to yellowish (Ref. 27292). Head finely reticulated (Ref. 42873, Ref. 42901). Fins with white spots alternating with dark spots, forming a continuous bar (Ref. 11970).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: circular.
近圓柱形的身體.(參考文獻 27292, 參考文獻 36901) 相等長度的上頜與下頜.(參考文獻 36901, 參考文獻 42907) 背部離鰭的數字: 9-11.(參考文獻 42908, 參考文獻 51884) 背鰭起點在胸鰭正後方。 (參考文獻 4967, 參考文獻 42873) 硬鱗:(參考文獻 27292, 參考文獻 42904) 58-65個側線鱗片, 身體的周圍 38-44個鱗片,22-27個前背的鱗片.(參考文獻 2970, 參考文獻 11970, 參考文獻 42907, 參考文獻 42908) 背部兩側灰褐色的, 有清澈的微白色的斑點 (參考文獻 11970) 的大理石花紋了, 腹面是白色到淡黃色的.(參考文獻 27292) 頭部細地成網狀。 (參考文獻 42873, 參考文獻 42901) 鰭有白色的斑點間隔著深色斑點, 形成一個連續的橫帶.(參考文獻 11970)
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Inhabits calm waters of swamps and rivers (Ref. 11970). It feeds on worms and insect larvae when young, but takes larger food, mainly fish, when adult (Ref. 27292). It mainly hunts at night (Ref. 27292). In general they are more or less solitary fish and do not form schools (Ref. 27292).
棲息於沼澤與河的平靜水域。 (參考文獻 11970) 吃蠕蟲與昆蟲幼生幼年時, 但是捕食較大的獵物, 主要地魚, 當成熟的時候.(參考文獻 27292) 它主要地在晚上獵食。 (參考文獻 27292) 大體上，他們是約略獨居性的魚而且不形成魚群。 (參考文獻 27292)
生命週期和交配行為
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Male starts with the courtship and is the active partner (Ref. 1672). The male makes from the anal fin a sort of cup and the female lays the eggs in this cup (Ref. 1672). The male then spreads the eggs so that they attach, e.g., to plants.非洲: 剛果河流域 (剛果，安哥拉, 喀麥隆);(參考文獻 3188) 魯誇湖流域 (參考文獻 27292) 與坦噶尼喀湖.(參考文獻 4537, 參考文獻 36901)
Gosse, J.-P., 1984. Polypteridae. p. 18-29. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). Volume I. ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. 410 p. (Ref. 3188)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 May 2009
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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基於模型的估計
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.5003 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00457 (0.00194 - 0.01077), b=3.05 (2.85 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 3.7 ±0.60 se; based on food items.
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Fec=200-300; tmax likely >= 20).
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
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