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Carangiformes (Jacks) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Caranx: French, carangue, the name of a Caribbean fish; 1836 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
محیط زیست: محیط زیست / منطقه آب و هوایی / تغييرات عمق / محدوده توزیع
بوم شناسي
دريايي; لب شور pelagic-neritic; اقیانوس رو (Ref. 51243); تغييرات عمق 1 - 350 m (Ref. 7097), usually 1 - 200 m (Ref. 55173). Subtropical
Atlantic Ocean, restricted to continental shelf areas. Mediterranean excluded.
طول در اولین بلوغ / اندازه / وزن / سن
بلوغ: Lm 66.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 124 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 5217); common length : 75.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 2683); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 32.0 kg (Ref. 27584)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 9; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 19 - 22; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 3; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 15 - 18. Diagnosis: Scutes on lateral line 23 (Ref. 57392) to 42 (Ref. 13442). No scales on chest (Ref. 13442), except a small mid-ventral patch in front of pelvic fins (Ref. 13442, 57392). Upper profile of head steep (Ref. 13442). Maxilla ending approximately below (Ref. 13442, 57392) or beyond (Ref. 57392) posterior edge of eye (in adult). Front of soft dorsal and anal fins elevated; olivaceous to bluish green dorsally, silvery to brassy on the sides; prominent black spot posteriorly on gill cover at level of eye, another at upper axil of pectoral fins, and often a third on lower pectoral rays; caudal yellowish (Ref. 13442).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Generally in neritic waters over the continental shelf (Ref. 5217), from the coastline, where it is common on shallow flats, to offshore waters (Ref. 57392). Adults ascend rivers (Ref. 26938). Juveniles abundant in brackish estuaries with muddy bottoms, near sandy beaches and on seagrass beds (Ref. 5217), entering lagoons and lower courses of rivers (Ref. 57392). They form fast-moving schools, although larger fish may be solitary. They feed on smaller fish, shrimp, and other invertebrates (Ref. 5521). Often grunts or croaks are heard when caught. Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 4233).
چرخه زندگی و رفتار جفتگیری
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | باروری | توزاد ( لارو)
Smith-Vaniz, W.F. and K.E. Carpenter, 2007. Review of the crevalle jacks, Caranx hippos complex (Teleostei: Carangidae), with a description of a new species from West Africa. Fish. Bull. 105(2):207-233. (Ref. 58464)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
خطر برای انسان ها
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 4690)
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري; ماهي ها ي سرگرم كننده: بله
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
تخمینها بر اساس مدلها
دمای ترجیحی (مرجع
123201): 16.5 - 27.9, mean 24.8 °C (based on 2020 cells).
شاخص تنوع فیلوژنتیکی (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01622 (0.01360 - 0.01934), b=2.96 (2.93 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
سطح تروفیک (مرجع
69278): 3.6 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
جهندگی (مرجع
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (K=0.35; assumed tm=2).
Prior r = 0.53, 95% CL = 0.35 - 0.80, Based on 5 data-limited stock assessments.
آسیبپذیری ماهیگیری (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
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آسیبپذیری اقلیمی (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (62 of 100).
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مواد مغذی (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 10.9 [4.1, 19.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.33 [0.17, 0.68] mg/100g; Protein = 20.9 [18.7, 23.4] %; Omega3 = 0.218 [0.121, 0.391] g/100g; Selenium = 33.8 [14.2, 84.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16 [5, 56] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.357 [0.217, 0.574] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
